![]() ![]() Information-integration systems require special kinds of query-optimization techniques for the ir eff ic ien t operation. ![]() The solution lie s in the desi gn of “ wrappers” - transla tors betwee n the schema and d ata val ue s at a source and the schema and data values at the integrated database. We begin by exploring the ways in which seemingly similar databases can actua lly embody confl icts th a t a re hard to resol ve correc tly. The sources may be con ventional databases or other types of information, such as collections of Web pages. The integrated databa se may be p hysic al (a “warehouse”) or virtual (a “mediator” or “middleware” that may be queried even thoug h its does not exist physical ly). ![]() Is the process of taking several databases or other in formation sources and making the data in these sources work together as if they were a s ing le database. ![]()
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